Google just released the first developer preview of Android P and it already got lots of new features.
The first major update is the integration of a display cutout support, otherwise known as a notch. Content which is using fullscreen is now strechted over the full display. 
Furthermore the notification menu got a new design as well as the settings and messaging notifications were improved and images are directly shown in the notification menu such as smart replies.
Google also created a multi-camera API which makes the usage of dual cameras in own apps possible, meaning that third-party camera apps will support dual cameras on Android P in the future.
The HEIF image encoding was added to Android P which is better at compression thus saving storage and network data.
An Open Mobile API for NFC payments and secure transactions was added, making it possible for apps to enable smart-card payments.
To ensure privacy for users Android P restricts access to the devices microphone, camera and all sensors (SensorManager) from apps while they are idle.
Indoor localization was made possible through Wi-Fi RTTby using IEEE 802.11mc WiFi protocol or WiFi Round-Trip-Time (RTT). When your devices position is requested by an app the RTT API will make it possible to measure the distance to nearby Access Points while the Access Point itself is not able to do that.
All images by Google. Read the full blog post here!