Image Credit: NASA/SDO & the AIA, EVE, and HMI teams; Digital Composition: Peter L. Dove (http://www.flickr.com/photos/pldove/)
Explanation: An unusual type of solar eclipse occurred in 2012. Usually, it is the Earth's Moon that eclipses the Sun. That year, most unusually, the planet Venus took a turn. Like a solar eclipse by the Moon, the phase of Venus became a continually thinner crescent as Venus became increasingly better aligned with the Sun. Eventually, the alignment became perfect and the phase of Venus dropped to zero. The dark spot of Venus crossed our parent star. The situation could technically be labelled a Venusian annular eclipse with an extraordinarily large ring of fire. Pictured here during the occultation, the Sun was imaged in three colours of ultraviolet light by the Earth-orbiting Solar Dynamics Observatory, with the dark region toward the right corresponding to a coronal hole. Hours later, as Venus continued in its orbit, a slight crescent phase appeared again. The next Venusian transit across the Sun will occur in 2117.
Sources and References:
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap180204.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22nd_century#Transits_and_occultations
http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/pldove/7344307970/in/photostream/
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