Major types of sensors like accelerometer, a gyroscope, a barometer and a compass.
In mobiles, the accelerometer is used to detect the of the phone, An accelerometer will measure the directional movement of a device but cannot resolve its lateral orientation therefore to fill that; it uses a gyro so that you can get an output which is clean and responsive.
Gyroscope
Sensor which provides information because of Android Photo Sphere camera tell how much a phone has been expressed and in which direction. Google’s Sky Map also use this to describe which constellation you’re pointing at the phone.
Barometer
It helps the Global Processing Chip inside the device get a faster lock by instantly delivery altitude data on Android. It can measure atmospheric pressure. It is used to determine how much high the device is above sea level which also improves the GPS accuracy. Motorola XOOM and Samsung Galaxy Nexus were the first devices to feature this sensor.
Fingerprint Sensors on Android
They are manufactured into various smartphones including iPhone 7, Samsung Galaxy S7, etc. with the progressing the demand for phone security, and smartphones have been using Capacitive Fingerprint scanner. These scanners use pattern tiny capacitor circuits which collect fingerprint data, by storing the electrical charges, connecting them up to transferring plates on the surface of the scanner which allows them to track details of a fingerprint.
There are more sensors which are not commonly available in all smartphones. These are:-
1.Light sensor
This sensor measure how bright the ambient light is. The phone uses this sensor to adjust the Display illumination.
2.Pedometer this sensor is used for counting the number of steps that the user has taken. It is made by many wellness apps and devices like Fitbit etc.
3.Heart Rate Monitor As the name suggests, this sensor can measure the pulse rate of the blood vessels inside one’s finger.
4.Proximity SensorThis sensor is included in an infrared LED and IR light detector. It is connected near the earpiece of a phone, when you put the handset up to your projection, the sensor lets the system to turn off the screen.