Your basic 7 Chakras pertain to the different sections of your body, it is divided into zones from your
1st chakra your root chakra up to your 7th chakra your crown chakra.
This is how it is divided
The 1st chakra - root, base of your spine- colors associated with this chakra are Brown, Red or Black
An example of a root chakra stone associated with this chakra is black Tourmaline - it helps with Protection and grounding, perfect to put at the front of your house, your door, or your bedroom door. You can also put this in four corners of your property or your house to surround your house with protection
The 2nd chakra - Navel, Abdomen - the color associated with this chakra is Orange
An example of a stone for this chakra would be Orange Calcite - it supports your life force, helps with sexuality, desires, relationships, is perfect for mothers, nurses or someone that is a caregiver. Often called the "Midwife Stone"
The 3rd chakra - Solar Plexus - the color associated with this chakra is typically Yellow.
A wonderful example of a stone for this chakra is yellow Citrine - Citrine is often called the abundance stone or stone for money or wealth. Helps with Ego, Personal Power and having that gut level Intuition. It is because this stone supports your life force energy, helping direct you on the path you are meant to be on. It can help you do what you need to be doing in life. When you are on your path and doing what you should be doing in life, you are of course happier and money will come your way naturally. 
The 4th chakra - Heart - the colors for this important chakra are green and pink. Green for physical healing and pink for emotional healing. Rose Quartz is a great example of a stone for this charka for emotional healing, known for helping with love, compassion and forgiveness. 
Bloodstone is a perfect example of a stone for this charka for physical healing, great to meditate with or keep in your pocket, or grid for healing. 
Your next charka is the 5th chakra - Throat - Light Blue is the color associated with this charka. There are lots of stones that would work for this chakra, great for communication, self expression & relaxing. I would pick Aquamarine for a top pick for this chakra. 
The 6th chakra is next - Third Eye, Forehead, Brow - The color that goes with this chakra is a dark or regular blue color as well as Indigo color. Most stones for this chakra are helpful for Intuition and mindful thoughts and visions. One example of a stone for this chakra is Lapis Lazuli 
The 7th chakra makes up the final of the main seven chakras - Crown, Top of Head - the colors associated with this chakra is White, clear, Violet. This chakra is most known for spirituality. Amethyst is perfect for this chakra, it helps with creativity, by helping relax, reducing stress and anxiety. This is a wonderful stone to meditate with and also to keep in the bedroom, or meditation room. 
There are more chakras that continue beyond the body, but this covers the basics and I think is a good place to start.