In education getting students to hit the zone of proximal development through learning targets has been widely known as scaffolding in Vygotsky theory.
In real life those learning targets are not within the students' proximal area. Teaching the same lesson to nine different groups of sixth grade students I have found the solution to this problem. I have also found the solution to the differentiated classroom and level gaps.
On Monday morning students complete the given standard learning target with ease while they are still sleeping. Towards lunch hitting the learning target is not a possibility. The next day the original learning target is not even an option. The way way to get all students to hit the learning target is to lower the learning target.
Pictures are from Dr. Scott Sullivan in Houston.
https://bambammartialartshouston.com/target-practice-for-low-line-kicking-in-self-defense/