Symbiosis is derived from the Greek sym meaning with and BIOSIS meaning of life . Symbiosis is an interaction between two living organisms .
Symbiosis is a very close and special pattern of interaction between two different kinds of living things. Living creatures that does symbiosis are called symbions.
There are several forms of symbiosis:
● Parasitism is where one party benefits and harms the other. Example:
• Plant parasites with host
• Princess strap with host
• abdominal worms and hookworms that live in the human gut
• raflesia flowers with its host
● Mutualism is a mutual relationship of living beings that benefit both sides. Example:
• Flower Shoes and Bees
• Bird Starling and Buffalo .
• Types of certain fungi and certain types of algae form likenes
• Flowers with butterflies
• Protozoa Mixotricha paradoxa with termite Mastotermes darwiniensis
● Komensalisme , is where the one party gets a profit but the other is not harmed and disadvantaged. Example: Remora Fishand Shark Orchids with Mango Trees
Amensalism , ie when one party is harmed and the other is not disadvantaged or disadvantaged. Example: Penicillin Mushroomswith Sarcoptes Competition , in which both sides harming each other, usually occurs through competition in the fight for food. Neutralism , in which both parties are not mutually benefited or disadvantaged. The interaction between the two species does not cause both profit and loss.
Finding Nemo animated film enthusiasts must be familiar with the figure of clown fish or clown fish . The main character of the film does look funny, lively, and adorable.
"This fish is also quite benign," said Silvester Basi Dhoe, Seed Coordinator, Center for Sea Cultivation (BBPBL) Lampung. Clownfish is a member of the Pomacentridae family, and the best known today is from the Amphiprion ocellaris species , the Nemo in the animated film.
Characteristic of this species has a bright orange color with white line decoration on the head, body, and base of the tail. In the wild, clown fish families reach 29 species of glowing colors, such as yellow, orange, reddish, black, and white and increasingly beautified with white or black line motifs on the body.
On the high seas, these fish live around coral reefs and coastal areas with a water depth of less than 50 m of clear water. "If the hobby diving, at a depth of 7-15 m, we usually find anemones, the term soft area coral. Well, he's symbiotic with that anemone, "Silvester added. Whereas for other types of fish, sea anemones are dangerous because the toxic tentacles are not just any place to live. Sea anemones and clown fish have established a mutually beneficial relationship.
The poison on the marine anemone tentacles that can kill fish from other species has no effect on the Nemo. Because the body of this fish is coated with mucus that is resistant to tentacle stings. If the fish is separated by anemone for a few hours, its immunity will disappear, and it takes longer to restore its immune system. "Without this anemone he can not do anything, can not keep his life well," explained the man from Flores.
In contrast to the anemone, clown fish food in the form of small invertebrates attached to tentacles help the anemone free from parasites. These invertebrates generally endanger the anemone. In addition, clown fish feces also provide nutrients for the anemone. However, each clown fish is associated with an anemone type of its own that is suitable as a place of life.