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Hygiene is the practice, techniques, methods and ways of keeping oneself, food and environment clean for the cause looking presentable, preventing illness and preventing the spread of disease. These practices helps to promote the preservation of health in human beings and animals dwelling within the environment. Hygiene practices are mainly accepted as good habits by the society.
Types of hygiene
Medical hygiene: This is described as a method by which the prohibition of infections and disease during medical treatment are carried out by medical personnel. These practices includes, taking proper care of wounds, quarantine of terminal disease victims, to prevent spread of the infection, cleaning and sterilization of medical instruments used for surgeries etc. The main and objective for medical hygiene is the prevention of infections during medical procedures.
Food hygiene: This is the method of keeping food safe during the making, production and creation of food to intake or consumption. Inadequate food hygiene could cause food borne disease which is risky to the health. Food hygiene could also be known as CULINARY HYGIENE. Some essential rules to follow in the course of food hygiene includes: Regular washing of hands before handling food, always use clean materials while cooking, cook in a clean kitchen to avoid contamination of food by harmful materials which may be present, always store already prepared food in safe places such as freezer, ensure that food is always covered in order to prevent disease carrying organisms (such as flies, cockroaches) from perching on them, endeavor to wear clean gloves while handling food. Culinary hygiene helps to prevent food contamination and food poisoning.
Environmental hygiene: This is the process of keeping one's surrounding clean. It involves the procedures by which the environment conditions affecting human inhabitants, human health and animals around the society is being improved. The neglecting of environment hygiene could lead to emerging of stagnant water within the environment which could lead to wide spread of mosquitoes, (disease carriers e.g malaria and yellow fever) which threatens the health of individuals within the environment. Also, ignoring of environmental hygiene can also lead to growth and development of rodents such as rat within the environment, hence this could cause of wide outbreak of lassafever, hereby putting the human health at risk.
Environmental hygiene can be carried out by; regular cutting of grasses around our environment, freeing of blocked drainage systems, disposing of waste products properly, floors of our houses should be kept clean and dry etc. An importance ob observing environmental hygiene includes breathing in and out of uncontaminated air, decrease in the spread of mosquitoes and rodents etc.
- Personal hygiene: This may be defined as the proper caring of the body by maintaining cleanliness. It also involves the practices used by individuals in taking care of the body. Personal hygiene can be observed in different ways: regular bathing (atleast twice a day), brushing of the teeth (also twice a day), regular washing of clothing, use of antiperspirant
or deodorant, regular cutting of nails, regular washing of hair, washing of hands before and after eating, washing of hands after the use of toilet. However regulating of personal hygiene could lead to bad vices such as: body odour, mouth odour, colored teeth, unkept appearance and you also stand as a bad example to growing children within the society.