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Hello friends of the farm today I am going to talk about the cultivation of the tree of Yaca which belongs to the family of the moráceas, is characteristic of Asia but is distributed throughout several tropical countries such as Brazil and Jamaica, is best developed in climates warm The fruit of this tree is considered to be the largest in the world. It has a strong smell and a pleasant taste on the palate similar to mango.
If you want to grow jaca at home or on a conditioned land, you have to be prepared for everything, because this tree is amazing and you will get more than one surprise. The first thing you have to know is that it grows quite fast.
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This tree can reach up to 17.5 m high and 70 cm the trunk circle in just 20 years. Once it has grown it can live up to 100 years, but one of the disadvantages of age is that it decreases productivity considerably.
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It is important that when planting, take into account to do it by alternate rows, in this way you can remove them when they reach 20 years, since, from this age, production capacity begins to decrease and are usually replaced by new generations.
It is important that for a good production and development of the jaca, have a good fertilizer; since there are serious symptoms of deficiency in its manganese structure in some parts, an example, India.
PROPERTIES OF THE YACA
AFRODISÍACO AND AGAINST THE SURFING.
Thanks to the nutritious content of this fruit and its refreshing properties, the seeds and pulp of the jackfruit help to the discomforts caused by the ingestion of alcohol and it serves as an excellent sexual enhancer.
SKIN AFFECTIONS.
It helps to improve skin problems such as: abscesses, ulcers and warts.
SOURCE MINERAL VITAMINS AND PROTEINS.
This fruit is rich in vitamin B1, niacin, calcium, iron, folic acid, ascorbic acid, potassium and favorable proteins for our body.
EYE INFECTIONS.
An infusion with the leaves of this plant and applied in the form of drops, helps to cure infections such as conjunctivitis.
OTITIS.
A few drops of the extract of the macerated leaves of this plant, applied in the ears, helps to calm the pains.
ANTIDIARREICO.
The latex or resin extracted from this plant helps stomach conditions such as diarrhea.
DIABETES, HYPERTENSION, ASTHMA.
Taking a tea made with the leaves of the yaca tree helps us to lower blood pressure and blood sugar levels, as well as being effective against respiratory conditions such as asthma.
YACA CULTIVATION
It needs a humid and fertile soil for its cultivation, besides a tropical climate for a good growth of the plant. It does not support very cold climates.
Manual pollination is the most recommended because with this fruit of larger size and better taste are developed.
The size of the jackfruit will depend a lot on the type of soil used for its cultivation. The thinner the soil, the higher the quality of the plant.
For the cultivation of the yaca we must sow the seed, which can be germinated and planted in the fixed growth site, or it can be planted in pots and then changed to the place where the plant will remain for its development.
The grafts can be made by slit or by approximation.
The plants must have a maximum distance of 12 meters and a minimum of 9 meters between them, in order to guarantee the quality of the tree and its products.
The yaca is considered a fast-growing tree, however its production starts after 7 years.
After the flowering occurs, the process of fruit production begins, this can last up to 8 months.
Once the harvest has passed, each of the branches from which the fruit was hung must be cut close to the trunk or branch from which it was produced to induce flowering in the next season.
In terms of productivity, we could say that up to 150 large fruits can be obtained for each plant, while other trees can produce up to 250; mature trees double this amount but with medium-sized fruits.
Once the ripening process has passed, the fruit changes color quickly. In addition, the fruit can be kept for 3 and 6 weeks at average temperatures of 11 and 13ºC and with a humidity of between 85 and 95%.
PESTS AND DISEASES IN JACA CROPS
The jaca crops always have latent threats that can end their life or cause the plant to get sick in different ways, affecting its development and production capacity.
These plants are frequently attacked by pests, but they can be prevented from being affected by placing a paper bag, which will scare away the pest.
Some pests of different insects in the trees studied in India are the caterpillar, the weevils, Pseudococcus corymbatus, diaphania caesalis, nipaecoccus and also the Ferrisia virgata.
Among the most worrisome and truly fearsome plagues, we can name the borer; which has a very great destruction power for plants, including one species for stems, another for bark and so on.
You can find some larvae of beetles and other bugs that can seriously affect the stem of this fruit. On the other hand, the caterpillars of the leaves, such as the Perina nuda and Diaphania bivitralis tend to mean a minor problem, as do the aphids, toxoptera aurantii and Greenidea artocarpi.
If we talk about the diseases of the Jaca tree we can find the rose disease, stem rot, fruits and male inflorescences caused by Rhizopus artocarpi, and other multiple types of fungi. Some fruits are covered with paper sacks and in this way, if they are very young they can protect themselves from pests and diseases; As a result of this the fruit ants can be attracted inside the bag so it can serve as an extra protection to the enemies.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended to water the plant every 15 days in the summer season.
This tree should not be planted in areas of low temperature (less than 21 °), due to its low tolerance to cold.
Its growth must be in situ and avoid transplanting, which can damage the roots of the plant.
SIDE EFFECTS
Fruit and raw seeds are not easily digested, consumption should be avoided in this way.
Increase blood glucose levels.
It should not be consumed by pregnant women, or in breastfeeding period.
The excess in the consumption of this fruit, can cause digestive problems.
The doctor should be consulted before taking yaca, as it may have interaction with other commercial medicines.
Do not exceed the dose mainly in children, a daily glass is sufficient.
Diabetics should consume this fruit under medical supervision.
SOURCE:
https://www.hortalizas.com/cultivos/la-jaca-un-cultivo-exotico-de-demanda-creciente/
https://www.google.com/search?q=CULTIVO+DE+LA+JACA&oq=CULTIVO+DE+LAJACA&aqs
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