F. betulina is under preliminary research for its potential Polyporenic acid found in the fruit body of the fungus. https://www.academia.edu/470354/Piptoporus_betulinus_Some_aspects_of_population_biology
(PA) basis of studies s fund in chaga and birch polypore ,kniv kjuke i norge.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4694269/#
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fomitopsis_betulina
this is the (PA) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4694269/
here some of the resertch on (PA)
patented proven medicament.
Gallbladder cancer, a very rare, highly-lethal disease, is the most common malignant tumor of the extrahepatic biliary tract and the seventh common gastrointestinal carcinoma
Gallbladder cancer, with high aggressivity and extremely poor prognosis, is the most common malignancy of the bile duct. Thus, seeking targets gallbladder tumor cells is an attractive goal towards improving clinical treatment. Material and methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of
(PA) on the tumorigenesis of human gallbladder cancer cells. Results: We found that PA significantly reduced cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Meanwhile, cell cycle arrest at G0 phase was induced by PA. PA also significantly inhibited cancer cell migration, invasion in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, we demonstrated that cancer cell adhesion ability was suppressed dose-dependently, which may contribute to the inhibition of cell invasion. Finally, we showed that PA inhibited AKT and ERK signaling pathways. And oncoproteins, such as PCNA, ICAM-1 and RhoA which are involved intumorigenesis, were also downregulated by PA. Conclusion: Our study reveals that PA is able to inhibit gallbladder cancer tumorigenesis involving affection of AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Together, these results encourage further studies of PA as a promising candidate for gallbladder cancer therapy.
Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015; 8(10): 17781–17788.
Published online 2015 Oct 15.
PMCID: PMC4694269
Pachymic acid inhibits tumorigenesis in gallbladder carcinoma cells
Yueguang Chen, Peilong Lian, Yanfeng Liu, and Kesen Xu
Pachymic acid, growth, migration, invasion, adhesion, gallbladder cancer