Founded in 1395 by the first king of the Joseon Dynast, Gwanghwamun is the main gate of Gyeongbukgung Palace. Roughly meaning "may the light of enlightenment blanket the world," the name symbolizes the resounding dedication that the people of the Joseon Dynasty had in creating a new dynasty. Constructed solely out of granite, its center is an entrance that resembles a rainbow, called Hongyemun. Above that is a gate tower.
Gwanghwamun holds a painful memory in Korean history. During the Japanese occupation of Korea, in order to dampen the spirits of the Korean citizens, the Japanese governing general destory the gate and built his own government building. The present appearance of the gate is that of 1968 when it was rebuilt using concrete, and it's location is about 10m behind the original spot. Though Gwanghwamun is the most beautiful of the five palace gates, it was not designated by the Korean government as a national treasure because it is made purely of concrete.
The government is now in the process of removing the Japanese building and restoring the palace.
