The Voting Guide
Here are some things that are important but easy to forget:
Voting is Money
The Voting Power (VP) with your Hive Power (HP) combines to determine the value of your vote, which determines the rewards of posts after maturation (7 days).
Rewarding
The rewards are currently split 50%/50% between the creator (who wrote the post) and the curator (who voted in).
The Golden Day
Rewards are only full on the first 24h. (Details to be expanded, sorry)
The Dust Threshold
Everyone says your votes are money. But... Only if the thing you are voting on goes beyond the Dust, which is 0.02 Hive. A reward less than that is negligible, so the vote is "wasted".
The "free" votes
Your voting power recharges around 20% per day. Which means around 10 100% votes per day. So... not voting also means wasting these votes.
Worthless vote?
The Hive value is actually calculated based on VESTs, so many less than 0.001 Hive votes actually can aggregate and rise the reward. Conversely, many curation rewards of less than 0.001 Hive can aggregate as well.
Closing thoughts
Most of these infos came from this wonderful intro to hive. Anything else I should add? Let me know so I can expand this post!