Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov Lenin..
Hello friends this is the 3rd part of my article on Modern Russian history. For those who want to go through the initial Phase of Tsar Russia and the Revolution of 1905 can follow my previous articles here…
https://steemit.com/history/@devsingh/the-holy-russia-to-the-soviet-russia-part-1
https://steemit.com/mgsc/@devsingh/the-holy-russia-to-the-soviet-russia
It has been a while since I wrote on steemit. I had some serious family issues, but here I am back with the story of Great Russians for my viewers. Friends this will be the final part on Russian history, here we will get to know about the world's most famous revolution i.e. "The Bolshevik Revolution", the end of "Tsar regime" and finally the coming of new world order i.e. "The Communism".
The Bolshevik Revolution And why was it the most Famous Revolution in World History..
The Russian Revolution was precipitated by the pressures arising from the hardships experienced by the Russians in the 1st World War. Apart from its direct connections with the 1st World War, the revolution itself was a tremendous event. It really was unique in the world history. This is because no other revolutions may it be the "French or the American" or any other were followed up as an example so rigorously by the other subjugated countries of the world like the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. This revolution spread like an ideology to other countries like India who were colonies of the industrially advanced nations. The revolutionaries of these subjugated nations took up the socialism as weapon to fight the unjust order in their countries, For Example:- the "Hindustan Socialist Republican Association" formed by Bhagat Singh and Chandra Shekhar Azad in India.
There were two popular revolutions in Russia,1917. 1st one in March forced the "Tsar Nicholas II" to abdicate the throne and a Provisional Government was created instead at the Winter Palace. Provisional Government was a week body in front of the strong leaders of "Socialist Soviet of Workers' and The Soldiers' Deputies". The growing ideological rift b/w the Provisional Government and the Soviets brought the latter in contact with the Bolshevik Party. The provisional government was delaying the setup of Constituent Assembly which was to take up internal issues like hunger, poverty etc. but the provisional government was busy in the war. The Bolsheviks lead by Lenin secured the popular support giving the slogans "PEACE, BREAD AND LAND" and "ALL POWER TO THE SOVIETS". Therefore, during second wave in November 1917 the Bolsheviks carried out a successful Coup and seized the power and control over Winter Palace, the seat of Provisional Government. And Vladimir Lenin established a dictatorship of Soviets and one-party rule called as USSR(1922).
The End Of Autocracy..
In 1914 when the war started the Russian folks had already started to revolutionize. There were numerous strikes all over the Russia. In the meantime Tsar had declared himself the Commander-in-chief of his Army and was on the war front with his soldiers. As the Russian army met with terrible losses the soldiers and peasantry became exhausted of war. They demanded its end with immediate effect. But the refusal of Tsar Nicolas II to these demands triggered the "Proletariat revolution" in March 1917, it was called so because this revolution was completely leaderless and was executed by the trained soviets by Lenin. It is very strange that the mighty Tsar who was called the "Little Father" of the "Holy Russia" was completely sidelined by the Proletariats. The special forces of Tsar i.e. "Cossacks" which were sent to suppress the revolution also sided with people, even the army started defying the orders of Tsar. For Example, the order of imposing Martial Law in St. Petersburg never reached the city. This shows people were completely fed-up of their stupid Tsar and wanted no more Autocratic regime in Russia. "Isn't it strange how great systems fall before the power of time when they have fulfilled their destiny or lived their time". "The house of Romanoff"(Ruling house of Tsar regime) was on the verge of collapse after its mighty rule of 300 year.
End of Tsar Nicholas II
The Final Wave And Soviets' Seizing Power..
As the Tsar was overthrown a Duel Government took power i.e. Provisional Government headed by a Prime Minister who was a Tsar Prince and the Soviets on the other side. But the situation started to turn when Provisional Government decided to continue the war till the Germans were Defeated, this order triggered the next wave of Revolution and took down the Provisional Government in Winter Palace and placed a dictatorship headed by Vladimir Lenin. With the arrival of Lenin in Russian in April 1917, the situation changed rapidly. The violent speeches of Lenin turned the tides again and the revolution which started leaderless had finally became centralized and got its prime objective to Seize power in Russia for Soviets.
Lenin stuck to the Marxian theory of wiping out Capitalism for the good of common folks. The 3 slogans of Bolsheviks became:- 1- Democratic Republic 2- Confiscation of landed estates. 3- An 8 hours day for workers.
These slogans brought life and liveliness into the masses because it meant everything for the common people in those days. The people with full power took part in the last wave of revolution to improve their own lives.
The new Bolshevik Government arranged an armistice with the Central Powers in December 1917, under the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918. The Allied Powers felt humiliated by Russians with this treaty, they refused to recognize the communist led Bolshevik Government in Russia. Civil war broke out between "The White Armies"(anti-communists) and "The Red Armies"(Bolsheviks). The white armies were led by Leon Trotsky and were backed by the former Allied powers of World War. The initial push back for Red army was not for long and the victories one after the other in Caucasus, Ukraine and other parts of Central Asia in 1920. With the victory in this civil war Lenin tried to initiate some reforms to impose nationalization and centralization called as "War Communism" but during the peasant revolts of 1921 he brought new policy called as "New Economic Policy"(NEP), based on concessions to the peasants and semi-market economy. This NEP enabled Lenin to consolidate power but many communists of that time accuse Lenin of sliding towards Capitalism. However, the death of this great leader in January 1924, left the 2 conflicting models of socialist society on which his successors had to build a Russia of Lenin's Dreams.
The Rise Of a Butcher..
Joseph Stalin
I am not going into the depth of where was Stalin during revolutions and in war times but for a short introduction..
Joseph Stalin was Born on 18 December 1878 in Gori, Georgia he worked closely with Lenin during the Bolshevik revolution of 1917 and was appointed Secretary-General of Communist Party and Lenin remained the Head of Government. Shortly before his death, Lenin made it clear that he did not regarded as a suitable successor. But Stalin ignored Lenin's words and seized the power after his death. Stalin outmaneuvered his rivals to power such as Trotsky and Bukharin. He sidelined all the foreign hostiles and took the Russians towards Industrial-Proletarian society. He tried to catch up with west and specially with USA in the field of Military technology and Resource development. The Five-Year plan was first adopted by him in 1928, this type of planning was also adopted by Independent Indian Government after 1947 till recently, Shri. Narendra Modi led NDA Government replaced it with NITI AYOG for planning in India.
The FYP aimed mainly at Heavy Industrialization and Advancement & collectivization of Agriculture. But unfortunately these FYPs could not catch up with the growing population and needs of people. I already mentioned Stalin as a butcher because of his atrocities towards his own people to maximize economic production so that Russia would catch up with USA. The prison labor camps, forced establishment of collective farming, deportation to Serbia of KULAKS(rich peasants and farmers), fake trails on party leaders, deportation of millions of innocent folks to labor camps across the country so that the free labor could be supplied. Stalin's atrocities were not revealed to the public of USSR until the late 1980's or near the desolation of USSR and the end of Cold War.
Image Sources:-
Friends, this is the end of our journey of the Transformation of Russia. I have tried my best to explain everything as shortly as I could. The history of any nation is a long and bulky topic but still I hope all of you must have enjoyed it.
If u have got some good information from my blog then please let me know in the comments section and if u have any correction, suggestions or additions please feel free to leave your ideas in comments.
Thankyou so much people... a little upvoting will be highly appreciated.
At last friends...i am a part of a very good "steemit telegram group" that has helped me a lot in growing well on steemit platform. If u all want to join and interact with each other with nice and beautiful content posts then you are most welcome. It is a group run by @haxins (works at Indian Space Research Organization). He is a very helpful person, we have reached 150+ members on the broadcast and 50+ members on our genuine list. Please don't hesitate to join it we have a wonderful community over here..
BROADCAST- https://t.me/Steemit_Earners
Group Chats- https://t.me/Steemit_Earners_QA_Group
We also have a 30+ reputation Group:-
BROADCAST- https://t.me/steemit_Earners_30plus_broadcast
Group chat- https://t.me/Steemit_Earners_QA_Group
You can also join the partiko discord community. It has a very large member footfall. The great thing about this community is they have their Android and IOS apps for working on steemit. It is very comfortable and is just like the Facebook app. You will get notified each time some activity is done on your post or on your account. To join you only need a valid email id:-
https://discord.gg/R3ysVA
https://partiko.app