Physicists have not proved that we don’t live in the Matrix.
Anyway, this is all somewhat far from my expertise, but insofar as I understand the paper, it looks like a serious contribution to our understanding of the sign problem, and why local changes of basis can fail to get rid of it when QMC is used to simulate certain bosonic systems. It will surely interest QMC experts.
OK, but does any of this prove that the universe isn’t a computer simulation, as the popular articles claim (and as the original paper does not)?
It seems to me that, to get from here to there, you’d need to overcome four huge difficulties, any one of which would be fatal by itself, and which are logically independent of each other.'
- Scott Aaronson, October 3rd, 2017
Source: Because you asked: the Simulation Hypothesis has not been falsified; remains unfalsifiable