Founding and Construction
The Koutoubia Mosque was founded by Almohad Caliph Abd al-Muâmin in 1147 after capturing Marrakech. Its current form was completed under Yaqub al-Mansur between 1158 and 1195.
Constructed using sandstone and brick, the mosque can accommodate over 20,000 worshippers in its vast prayer hall, measuring approximately 90 by 60 meters.
Design and Layout
The mosque follows a T-shaped floor plan characteristic of traditional Islamic architecture, featuring 17 aisles and over 100 columns with horseshoe arches.
It has two public eastern entrances and private doors for the imam and sultan.
đź The Iconic Minaret: Beacon of Marrakech
Structure and Dimensions
Standing 77 meters high, the Koutoubia minaret is the tallest structure in Marrakechâno building is allowed to surpass it by law.
Inside, a ramp-based spiral replaces stairs, allowing access to the top (reportedly for the muezzin on horseback in earlier times).
Ornamentation and Symbols
Its facades feature geometric motifs, interlaced patterns, and a turquoise ceramic band near the summit.
It is crowned with three golden spheres, believed to symbolize either the three Islamic holy citiesâMecca, Medina, and Jerusalemâor the celestial spheres.
Legends and Stories
A popular legend tells that the sultanâs wife donated her gold jewelry to craft one of the spheres as penance for breaking a Ramadan fast.
These spheres also inspired towers such as the Giralda in Seville and Hassan Tower in Rabat.
đ The Exquisite Wooden Minbar (Pulpit)
The mosqueâs original minbar (pulpit) is a masterpiece of Andalusian woodwork made in CĂłrdoba, decorated with cedar and intricate inlays.
It is now preserved in the Bahia Palace Museum, following careful restoration.
đż Community Role and Surroundings
Koutoubia remains a central place of worship in Marrakech, calling the faithful to prayer five times a day.
Its surroundings, including the gardens and open plazas, offer peaceful areas for residents and visitors alike.
One local guide described the minaret as:
âBefore GPS, we found our way by following the red stone tower with the golden crescentâalways pointing north.â
đŻ Conclusion
The Koutoubia Mosque is more than a place of worship. It is a symbol of Marrakechâs architectural heritage, spiritual depth, and urban identity.
Its towering minaret is a landmark both visually and spirituallyâuniting the cityâs historic past with its vibrant present.
As a legacy of the Almohad Dynasty, Koutoubia continues to be a guiding lightâliterally and figurativelyâat the heart of Moroccoâs red city.....
(follows)
