Temperature is measurement of kinetic movement of particles. every object consists of little particles moving continuously and considering thermodynamics second law that entropy always rises, and because particle movement requires energy and energy transformation is never pure, meaning during movement heat is given off and temperature rises.
how we humans or other living organisms feel temperature? simple answer we cant.
only thing we can feel about temperature is how much heat we receive or transmit . little example... outside is so hot and you enter into air conditioned cool room. you feel pleasure immediately in a matter of second while your skin temperature is the same because when it gets little bit of cold from outside it gets wormed up from inside (from blood, organs etc). but what creates our pleasure than if our temperature is not changed yet to make any difference? because we can't feel temperature and only feel movement of energy to our body or from it, when you have entered into the cool area and gradient is so high between ambient and skin temperature, heat transfer becomes rapid and that's what we feel, that's what it makes our pleasure.one more example that shows we cant feel temperature- when it's hot outside and you touch metal first and then plastic you will say that metal is hotter while they have the same temperature. you say metal is hotter because it's better thermal conductor. you receive more heat from it rather than plastic but they have same temperature.
what is coldness?
coldness is not a real thing. it does not exist. only thing that's real is heat. coldness is our imagination. what i mean by that? well in physics coldness is absence of heat. when particles slow down their movement or stop (absolute zero) there is nothing, no heat, only cold. but how can be there something if everything says there should be nothing? exactly coldness is not real. anything is not warm is just cold.(it's cold because it's not warm ).if you put a metal bar into ice, some moment later you will feel coldness on the upper side.what happened? did coldness came up from ice? NO that's heat what went down to ice. same theory applies for positive and negative charge in electricity. only charge that exists is negative. because electrons are negatively charged. we call positive charge absence of electrons. positive charge attracts negative charge? how is that if there is no positive charge? it's just gradient like osmosis or diffusion. there are not electrons (is positive) gradient is high. from electron negative area (which is negative, condensed with electrons) electrons are transferred or attracted to area where they are not represent ("positively charged" area). 
