Scientists compared the lightning location with the gas emissions of the ships.
In a study, researchers at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama (USA), analyzed data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network, a network of sensors that locate lightning around the globe, and noted that the Indian Ocean ship's route overlaps with a greater occurrence of lightning storms.
After locating 1.5 billion lightning from 2005 to 2016, the team found that there were twice as many lightning on the major routes of Indian ocean-going ships, writes Science Daily.
Water molecules need aerosols to condense in the clouds. When the atmosphere has few aerosol particles, as is the case with the atmosphere above the ocean, water molecules do not have what particles to condense, so the water particles will be even larger (and heavier)
When aerosols are added to the atmosphere, such as ship emissions, water droplets are smaller and lighter, which causes them to climb to a higher altitude, even at the frost limit. More ice creates more static energy, so more lightning. In other words, clouds become electrified when ice particles hit each other.
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