As follow up to the previous article, Energy mass convergence lepton kinetic enthalpy
Computational chemistry, computational physics research may be deployed:
How do you use Excel in statistics?
Go to the DATA tab and click on the DATA ANALYSIS tool: Choose Regression from the list of statistics. Next, Excel will ask you to highlight the range of cells for the X and Y ranges. The Y is your DEPENDENT variable and X is your INDEPENDENT variable.
Using Excel for Statistical Analysis
How do you do an analysis on Excel?
Select the cells that contain the data you want to analyze.
Click the Quick Analysis button that appears to the bottom right of your selected data (or press CRTL + Q).
In the Quick Analysis gallery, select a tab you want. ...
Pick an option, or just point to each one to see a preview.
Event marks 75th anniversary of Schrödinger lectures
Wednesday, 5 Sep 2018
By Will Goodbody
Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (12 August 1887 – 4 January 1961) was an Austrian physicist, one of the founders of quantum theory, and winner of the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physics. His ideas were heavily influenced by monist philosophy and he is particularly well known for original interpretations of the significance of the wave function and for devising the Schrödinger's cat thought experiment.
Adjust axis tick marks and labels
Click anywhere in the chart. This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.
On the Format tab, in the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the Chart Elements box, and then click the axis that you want to selec
What is summary statistics in Excel?
Step 1: Type your data into Excel, in a single column. For example, if you have ten items in your data set, type them into cells A1 through A10. Step 2: Click the “Data” tab and then click “Data Analysis” in the Analysis group. Step 3: Highlight “Descriptive Statistics” in the pop-up Data Analysis window.
Creating a Time Series Plot in Excel
In particle physics, a lepton is an elementary particle of half-integer spin (spin 1⁄2) that does not undergo strong interactions. Two main classes of leptons exist: charged leptons (also known as the electron-like leptons), and neutral leptons (better known as neutrinos). Charged leptons can combine with other particles to form various composite particles such as atoms and positronium, while neutrinos rarely interact with anything, and are consequently rarely observed. The best known of all leptons is the electron.
There are six types of leptons, known as flavours, grouped in three generations. The first-generation Leptons, also called electronic leptons, comprise the electron ( e− ) and the electron neutrino ( ν e); the second are the muonic leptons, comprising the muon ( μ− ) and the muon neutrino ( ν μ); and the third are the tauonic leptons, comprising the tau ( τ− ) and the tau neutrino ( ν τ). Electrons have the least mass of all the charged leptons. The heavier muons and taus will rapidly change into electrons and neutrinos through a process of particle decay: the transformation from a higher mass state to a lower mass state. Thus electrons are stable and the most common charged lepton in the universe, whereas muons and taus can only be produced in high energy collisions (such as those involving cosmic rays and those carried out in particle accelerators).
Leptons have various intrinsic properties, including electric charge, spin, and mass. Unlike quarks however, leptons are not subject to the strong interaction, but they are subject to the other three fundamental interactions: gravitation, the weak interaction, and to electromagnetism, that is proportional to charge, thus is zero for the electrically neutral neutrinos.
For every lepton flavor there is a corresponding type of antiparticle, known as an antilepton, that differs from the lepton only in that some of its properties have equal magnitude but opposite sign. According to certain theories, neutrinos may be their own antiparticle. It is not currently known whether this is the case.
What is a bomb calorimeter and how does it work?
A bomb calorimeter is an object used for calorimetry, or the process of measuring the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes as well as heat capacity. Differential scanning calorimeters, isothermal micro calorimeters, titration calorimeters and accelerated rate calorimeters are among the most common types.
Bomb calorimetry is used to determine the enthalpy of combustion, DcombH, for hydrocarbons:
CxHYOz (s) + (2X+Y/2-Z)/2 O2 (g) ® X CO2 (g) + Y H2O (l)
Since combustion reactions are usually exothermic (give off heat), DcombH is typically negative. (However, be aware that older literature defines the "heat of combustion" as -DcombH, so as to avoid compiling tables of negative numbers!)
How do entropy and enthalpy relate to each other?
As it happens, enthalpy and entropy changes in a reaction are partly related to each other. The reason for this relationship is that if energy is added to or released from the system, it has to be partitioned into new states. Thus, an enthalpy change can also have an effect on entropy.
The cations, positive ions, flow toward the cathode to replace the cations that are being picked up at the electrode. The anions, negative ions, flow toward the anode to balance the positive charge of the cations that are released from the electrode.
RED CAT & AN OX
REDuction occurs at the CAThode (notice that both redution and cathode start with a consonant)
OXidation occurs at the ANode (notice that both oxidation and anode start with a vowel)
Dancing Italian Frogs and Toadies, Stooges v. Prescription Thugs, Olympic Gold
All Solar Hoops or cone bases, roll alike, all disks beat hoops...
All anodes beat cathodes... AN OX beats a Red CAT! note, OXidation occurs at the ANode as secondly, REDuction occurs at the CAThode... Now you may wonder to yourself about that lepton flavor of AN OX there beating that Red CAT with the field between an anode cathode all twist and spiral (The first-generation Leptons, also called electronic leptons, comprise the electron ( e− ) and the electron neutrino ( ν e))...
Bodies at the anodes will roll faster than the bodies at the cathode. Motion will thus spiral...
Orbital revolution is faster at anodes and slower at cathodes...
All Planetary motion must act against a resistance. Suns and planets roll on their equator.
A variable speed of light (VSL) is a feature of a family of hypotheses stating that the speed of light in vacuum, usually denoted by c, may in some way not be constant, e.g. varying in space or time, or depending on frequency. A variable speed of light occurs in some situations of classical physics as equivalent formulations of accepted theories, but also in various alternative theories of gravitation and cosmology, many of them non-mainstream.
Notable attempts to incorporate a variable speed of light into physics have been made by Einstein in 1911, by Robert Dicke in 1957, and by several researchers starting from the late 1980s.
The speed of light in vacuum instead is considered a constant, and defined by the SI as 299792458 m/s. Variability of the speed of light is therefore equivalent with a variability of the SI meter and/or the SI second.
VSL should not be confused with faster than light theories; nor should it be confused with the fact that the speed of light in a medium is slower than the speed of light in vacuum depending on the medium's refractive index.
Faraday also introduced the words anion for a negatively charged ion, and cation for a positively charged one. In Faraday's nomenclature, cations were named because they were attracted to the cathode in a galvanic device and anions were named due to their attraction to the anode.
How is Gibbs free energy related to enthalpy and entropy?
Gibbs free energy combines enthalpy and entropy into a single value. Gibbs free energy is the energy associated with a chemical reaction that can do useful work. It equals the enthalpy minus the product of the temperature and entropy of the system. If ΔG is negative, then the reaction is spontaneous.
Synchronicity (German: Synchronizität) is a concept, first introduced by analytical psychologist Carl Jung, which holds that events are "meaningful coincidences" if they occur with no causal relationship yet seem to be meaningfully related. During his career, Jung furnished several different definitions of it. Jung defined synchronicity as an "acausal connecting (togetherness) principle," "meaningful coincidence", and "acausal parallelism." He introduced the concept as early as the 1920s but gave a full statement of it only in 1951 in an Eranos lecture.
In 1952 Jung published a paper "Synchronizität als ein Prinzip akausaler Zusammenhänge" (Synchronicity – An Acausal Connecting Principle) in a volume which also contained a related study by the physicist and Nobel laureate Wolfgang Pauli, who was sometimes critical of Jung's ideas. Jung's belief was that, just as events may be connected by causality, they may also be connected by meaning. Events connected by meaning need not have an explanation in terms of causality, which does not generally contradict the Axiom of Causality.
Scientists found brain’s internal clock that influences how we perceive time
By Jennifer Ouellette -
To Heal Wounds, Cells Time-Travel Back to a Fetal State
By Jordana Cepelewicz
How do you make a time series graph in Excel?
Be sure to select "Scatter Graph" (with a line option). ...
In your data, you need to add a column with the mid-point. ...
You can format the x-axis options with this menu. ( ...
Select "Axes" and go to Primary Horizontal Axis, and then select "More Primary Horizontal Axis Options"
Set up the options you wish.
Simpson's rule Consumer Problem with Hicksian demand
Markov Process and Excel Spreadsheets
The Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment was conducted by Clyde L. Cowan and Frederick Reines in 1956. The experiment confirmed the existence of neutrinos. Neutrinos, subatomic particles with no electric charge and very small mass, had been conjectured to be an essential particle in beta decay processes in the 1930s. With neither mass nor charge, such particles appeared to be impossible to detect. The experiment exploited a huge flux of (hypothetical) electron antineutrinos emanating from a nearby nuclear reactor and a detector consisting of large tanks of water. Neutrino interactions with the protons of the water were observed, verifying the existence and basic properties of this particle for the first time.
How do you do an F test in Excel?
Step 1: Click the “Data” tab and then click “Data Analysis.” Step 2: Click “F test two sample for variances” and then click “OK.” Step 3: Click the Variable 1 Range box and then type the location for your first set of data. For example, if you typed your data into cells A1 to A10, type “A1:A10” into that box.
Energy service company innovation research
For each neutrino, there also exists a corresponding antiparticle, called an antineutrino, which also has no electric charge and half-integer spin. They are distinguished from the neutrinos by having opposite signs of lepton number and opposite chirality. As of 2016, no evidence has been found for any other difference. In all observations so far of leptonic processes (despite extensive and continuing searches for exceptions), there is no overall change in lepton number; for example, if total lepton number is zero in the initial state, electron neutrinos appear in the final state together with only positrons (anti-electrons) or electron-antineutrinos, and electron antineutrinos with electrons or electron neutrinos.
What is the difference between t test and Z test?
A t-test is used for testing the mean of one population against a standard or comparing the means of two populations if you do not know the populations' standard deviation and when you have a limited sample (n < 30). If you know the populations' standard deviation, you may use a z-test.
Antineutrinos are produced in nuclear beta decay together with a beta particle, in which, e.g., a neutron decays into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. All antineutrinos observed thus far possess right-handed helicity (i.e. only one of the two possible spin states has ever been seen), while neutrinos are left-handed. Nevertheless, as neutrinos have mass, their helicity is frame-dependent, so it is the related frame-independent property of chirality that is relevant here.
In particle physics, helicity is the projection of the spin onto the direction of momentum.
Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanical phenomenon whereby a neutrino created with a specific lepton flavor (electron, muon, or tau) can later be measured to have a different flavor. The probability of measuring a particular flavor for a neutrino varies between 3 known states as it propagates through space.
First predicted by Bruno Pontecorvo in 1957, neutrino oscillation has since been observed by a multitude of experiments in several different contexts. Notably, the existence of neutrino oscillation resolved the long-standing solar neutrino problem.
Cherenkov radiation (pronunciation: /tʃɛrɛnˈkɔv/) is an electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle (such as an electron) passes through a dielectric medium at a speed greater than the phase velocity of light in that medium. It is also known as the Vavilov–Cherenkov radiation (VCR) (named after Sergey Vavilov and Pavel Cherenkov). It is named after the Soviet scientist Pavel Cherenkov, the 1958 Nobel Prize winner who was the first to detect it experimentally. A theory of this effect was later developed within the framework of Einstein's special relativity theory by Igor Tamm and Ilya Frank, who also shared the Nobel Prize. Cherenkov radiation had been theoretically predicted by the English polymath Oliver Heaviside in papers published in 1888–89.
The characteristic blue glow of an underwater nuclear reactor is due to Cherenkov radiation.
Debye toroidal moment of surface plasmons as SBIR ESCO model
The solar neutrino problem concerned a large discrepancy between the flux of solar neutrinos as predicted from the Sun's luminosity and measured directly. The discrepancy was first observed in the mid-1960s and finally resolved around 2002.
The flux of neutrinos at Earth is several tens of billions per square centimetre per second, mostly from the Sun's core. They are nevertheless hard to detect, because they interact very weakly with matter, traversing the whole Earth as light does thin air. Of the three types (flavors) of neutrinos known in the Standard Model of particle physics, the Sun produces only electron neutrinos. When neutrino detectors became sensitive enough to measure the flow of electron neutrinos from the Sun, the number detected was much lower than predicted. In various experiments, the number deficit was between one half and two thirds.
Particle physicists knew that a mechanism, discussed back in 1957 by Bruno Pontecorvo, could explain the deficit in electron neutrinos. However, they hesitated to accept it for various reasons, including the fact that it required a modification of the accepted Standard Model. They first pointed at the solar model for adjustment, which was ruled out. Today it is accepted that the neutrinos produced in the Sun are not massless particles as predicted by the Standard Model but rather mixed quantum states made up of defined-mass eigenstates in different (complex) proportions. That allows a neutrino produced as a pure electron neutrino to change during propagation into a mixture of electron, muon and tau neutrinos, with a reduced probability of being detected by a detector sensitive to only electron neutrinos.
Several neutrino detectors aiming at different flavors, energies, and traveled distance contributed to our present knowledge of neutrinos. In 2002 and 2015, a total of four researchers related to some of these detectors were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Reduction potential (also known as redox potential, oxidation/reduction potential, or Eh) measures the tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons and thereby be reduced. Reduction potential is measured in volts (V) or millivolts (mV).
The Slutsky equation (or Slutsky identity) in economics, named after Eugen Slutsky, relates changes in Marshallian (uncompensated) demand to changes in Hicksian (compensated) demand, which is known as such since it compensates to maintain a fixed level of utility.
Mathematically, the Slutsky equation based on the derivatives of Marshallian and Hickisan demands: The left hand side of the equation is the total effect- that is, the derivative of x (quantity) respect p (price). It shows us how much the total quantity of x that we consume varies when we change price.
Izzat (Hindi-Urdu: इज़्ज़त, عزت Bengali: ইজ্জত) is the concept of honour prevalent in the culture of North India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. It applies universally across religions (Hindu, Muslim and Sikh), communities and genders. Maintaining the reputation of oneself and one's family is part of the concept of izzat, as is the obligatory taking of revenge when one's izzat has been violated. The concept of izzat has been viewed as curtailing the freedom of women, yet characterised on a general level as a concept that cuts across social hierarchy and enforces "equality in giving, but also equality in vengeance." The idea of reciprocity, in both friendship and enmity, is deeply embedded in izzat. It is required that a person come to the assistance of those who have helped that person earlier. To not do so is to dishonour one's debt and lose izzat. Feast of Izzat 2018, Saturday, September 8th.
Science
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The puzzling story of a mysterious malfunction 250 miles above Earth
Marina Koren
Sep 8, 2018
Izzat all?
For Lipschitz continuity sake, let us consider the Slutsky equation.. Where is the creativity in Graduate dissertation titles these days? Deep in the heart of the state named after friends, get the Hotelling's lemma in microeconomics relating to the Marshallian Demand from the Simpson's rule Consumer Problem with Hicksian demand and then with the supply of a good to the profit of the good's producer as a Smale's Problems, modulus and argument with Bridges' Transition Model
And, apply with:
Solar v Coal, Montreux Convention, Crude Tanker War trader with Bridges transition Smale's solutions