Recent technological developments have shown remarkable progress. Many things from the life sector have used the existence of the technology itself. Its presence has had a considerable impact on the lives of human beings in various aspects and dimensions. Similarly, communication technology is a hardware device in an organizational structure that contains social value that allows individuals to collect, process and exchange information (according to Rogers, 1986). Such a state, where a technology is capable of changing something that is not necessarily done becomes a reality. For example, if people were not able to talk to other people who were in a distant place, then after a phone call people can speak indefinitely and distance of time.
From here, initially with the discovery of a variety of simple devices, ranging from telephone, analog-based, advanced and evolved to emerge various other electronic devices. Until finally this technology integrated with each other. The existing communication technology is an answer to the development of the times. This happens because the more advanced a civilization of human technology will also continue to develop to align the pattern of human tapping itself.
Understanding Communication Technology and Information Technology
According to Rogers, 1986 technology is a hardware tool in organizational structure that contains social values that allow individuals to collect, process and exchange information (in quotation from the course of Communication Technology, Jamroji S.Sos: 1). It can also be said that communication technology is a new invention in the aspect of life where every individual can use, access, and give everything information to others universally. Meanwhile, according to Ely, 1982 is meant by Information Technology that includes communication systems such as direct broadcast satellite, two-way interactive cable, low-powered broadcasting 9low-power broadcasting), computer (including personal-computer and a new handheld computer), and Television (including video disks and video cassette tapes), (quoted from Communication Technologies in Perspective Background & Development, Zulkarimein Nasution 1989: p. 5). Between communication technology with information technology itself is actually interrelated. But there is still a side that distinguishes between the two.The Development of Communication Technology
Currently the need for technology, both information technology and telecommunications is very high from the start middle and lower middle class. All individuals desperately need technology to accelerate the development or enhance the development of both individual and group development. The development of technology that is currently very fast is the communication technology, which presents a variety of choices of forms of technology and sophistication.
The development of communication itself is actually in line with the life and existence of the human itself. There are four major decisive points in the history of human communication. According to Nordenstreng and Varis (1973) are:
- The acquisition (aquisition) language that is at the same time with the birth of humans.
- the development of written art alongside communication based on speech.3. The reproduction of written words by using alt printing, enabling the realization of actual mass communication.
- the emergence of electronic communications, ranging from telegraph, telephone, radio, television, to satellite.
(Quoted from Communications Technologies in Perspective Background & Development, Zulkarimein Nasution 1989: p 15). Meanwhile, according to Alvin Toffler there are three civilizations in the development of the technology itself namely, the agricultural age, industrial age and the last era of information (quoted from Communication Technology in Perspective Background & Development, Zulkarimein Nasution.1989: p. 2).
Previously just look back, that the actual communication technology itself has emerged since the Pre-Historical Age. Where at that time people have been able to use this form of communication. But the shape, still very simple. For example, forms of body movement tools, images as language, sounds from bone and so on. But nevertheless, it has been regarded as an appropriate form of communication at the time.
Subsequent developments have made little progress for a step better, for example the form of communication in pictograph letters used by the Sumerians, Hierogliph by the Ancient Egyptians. At that time the two types of letters are also often used when the king provides rules such as discipline for the people who are installed in the middle of the city where the shape is like a monument building, known as the Law in the form of a memorial.
The advancement of communication technology was felt even better after the discovery of paper by the Chinese Nation made of Papyrus leaf fiber. This development is even still used today and greatly benefited for mankind. For example paper is used in printing newspapers or newspapers, magazines, books and so forth.
Furthermore, the development of human knowledge, the communication technology is getting better. Beginning with the discovery of a steam engine by James Watt which is the opening of the Industrial Revolution, causing various impacts that trigger the emergence of other technologies. One step that is extraordinary, where the discovery of one thing causes the emergence of various other things. The invention of a telephone invented in 1876, was the development of communication technology by applying the analogue concept. It lasted until about the 1960s. And after that new lead to digital concept. Then the next development is the discovery of faximile which is the use of communication by memeberikan data that can be passed through the phone media. Similarly with the development of computers. The first computer introduced was ENIAC II. Used in 1946, after the second world war. This computer is a series of electronics lamp tube that weighs 20 tons. With the computer is the beginning of communication technology in the digital context and then growing rapidly. The digital era itself occurs after satellites are discovered and activated. The various inventions that have existed have in some way altered the life style of the society itself.
Development of communication technology
Indonesia has used the term telematics (telematics) for a meaning more or less the same as the ICT we know today. The Encarta Dictionary describes telematics as telecommunication + informatics (telecommunication + informatics) even though it means science of data transmission. Information processing and distribution through telecommunication network open many opportunities to be utilized in various fields of human life, including one of education. The idea of using machine-learning, creating complex process simulations, animated processes that are difficult to describe are of great interest to learning practitioners. Additionally, the possibility to serve learning that is not constrained by time and place can also be facilitated by ICT. In line with that began to emerge various jargon beginning with e, starting from e-book, e-learning, e-laboratory, e-education, e-library, and so on. Prefix e means electronics that are implicitly interpreted based on digital electronics technology. Utilization of ICT in learning in Indonesia has a long history. The initiative to organize educational and educational television radio broadcasts is an effort to disseminate information to educational units spread throughout the archipelago. This is a form of awareness to optimize the utilization of technology in helping the learning process of society. The main drawback of both radio and television broadcasts is the absence of instant feedback. Broadcast is unidirectional ie from the resource or facilitator to the learner. The introduction of computers with the ability to process and present multimedia shows (text, graphics, images, sound, and moving images) provides new opportunities to overcome the weaknesses that radio and television broadcasts do not have. When the television is only able to provide directional information (especially if the material impressions are recording material), internet-based learning technology provides opportunities to interact both synchronously (real time) and asynchronous (delayed). Internet-based learning allows for synchronous learning with the main advantage that learners and facilitators do not have to be in the same place. Utilization of video conferencing technology that is run by using Internet technology allows learners to be anywhere along the network. In addition to such flagship apps, some of the simpler and cheaper opportunities can also be developed in line with current ICT advancements.
Source: http://decatatan.blogspot.co.id/2015/09/perkembangan-teknologi-hingga-masa-kini.html