The domestic turkey (meleagris galloparo domesticus) is a large fowl,one of the two species in the genus meleagris and the same species as the wild turkey.Although turkey domestication was thought to have occurred in central mesoamerica at least 2000 years ago,recent research suggests a possible second domestication event in the area that is now the southwestern United States between 200 BC and AD 500. However, all of the main domestic turkey varieties today descend from the turkey raised in central Mexico that was subsequently imported into Europe by the Spanish in the 16th century
The domestic turkey is a popular form of poultry, and it is raised throughout the temperate parts of the world, partially because industrilized farming has made it very cheap for the amount of meat it produces, females domestic turkey are called hens, and the chicks are poults or turkeylings. In Canada and the United States male turkeys are called Tom's ; in the United Kingdom and Ireland they are stags.
The great majority of domestic turkeys are bred to have White feathers because their pin feathers are less visible when the carcass is dressed, although brown or bronze feathered varieties are also raised. They fleshy protuberance a top the beak is the snood, and the one attached to the underside of the beak is known as a wattle.
The English language name for this species results from an early misidentification of the bird with an unrelated species which was imported to Europe through the country of turkey . The Latin species name galloparo means chicken peacock.