It is important to point out that the researchers, when finding different figures in rocks, must register what the figure is like, in the case of the anthropomorphic figures that are characterized by presenting two horizontal axes that are the basis for representing the extremities, and a vertical one that serves as a support to the head and finish to a luck of tail of a human body or of some other indetermine being. This design is distributed throughout the stone and appears most of the time related or being part of other reasons.
There are also Meander - Anthropomorphic figures which are basically composed of a pair of opposite triangles and joined by one of their vertices, you can also find those of Sand Watches - anthropomorphic, Lines, circles and spirals, the dotted areas , square spirals, "cigars" and others; All these descriptions should be applied in the field activities to have validity to the investigation.
The application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to record the positions of the petroglyphs, pictography or discovery of vessels, is of utmost importance, since, through this important tool, we can place the necessary data so that others researchers can come to the site and have the experience of seeing the place.
The application of this tool helps us to make more precise, it would facilitate us even more the applications of years ago, since previously the archaeologists, anthropologists, among others, used the cartography tool, which required a lot of time to make the records and calculations of the places they were going to explore, with new technologies, facilitates all those manual records that were made in the past, in addition with the application of The (SIG) is more accurate and would give the data or records in less time, in addition to supplying it to other researchers so that in the future they can join those places already registered.
Divaldo Gutierrez "The rock art maps can be many and have many different configurations, but they must pursue the fulfillment of a common goal: the dissemination through the use of cartography and geographic information, of the geo-archaeological knowledge that rock art has ... "(Page 4).
The author highlights the importance of using these tools, because through it we can find the most accurate data so far and facilitate other researchers where the petroglyphs or other element that was found in a point of the geography of the planet.
But this is not all, to have all these data of great importance, you must take into account the registration instruments that must be applied in the place that is going to do the excavations, from there they will go scoring the data that are necessary for later add them to have the possible accuracy of what is being investigated. But before all this, we must take into account some very important steps that Sergio Ripoll López tells us in the publication how to study a station with rock art, so as not to alter the place where the records are being made:
Sergio Ripoll López "Once the cave is located, after a brief ocular inspection, it is necessary to take the precaution of penetrating barefoot and trying to follow a single track in order not to alter the possible occupation soils and the evidences that these might contain." (Pag. 301).
These recommendations would help us considerably not to lose even a clue of vital information, which would help us to have the most accurate accuracy of the cave or petroglyph that has been found, thus giving detail about the time it was carved on the rock.
It is also of great importance to point out that the discovery highlighted in a certain place is reported to the competent bodies so as not to have any inconvenience in the future, although we must know that what is discovered belongs to the community where the petroglyph or the cave where there is a series of drawings carved on the walls of a cave. There are some registration techniques that must be taken into account and recommended by the author to be the best possible and provide the information to other researchers or people who are interested in the subject:
writingSergio Ripoll López "Once the conservation tasks are completed and when we have access to all the surfaces, we begin the systematic prospecting of all the walls starting from the one on the left towards the bottom of the cavity and returning to the entrance through the wall of the the right. "(Pag. 302).
This is one of the techniques that should be used, to have a good systematic record of what is being recorded and so we would have a very detailed information of what is being studied.
Another instrument that is used is the documentation, through it we can register the places where the discoveries were made; Some researchers recommend the use of a file where all the data that is the place where the records are being made, such as photographic and video. The model used is adapted to the specific needs of each place but we always start from some fundamental data that includes the attributes that help us adequately describe the representations that are carved on the rock, and allows us to obtain relevant conclusions regarding its realization, location, distribution, etc. A card is always applied for each identified figure and consists of the following sections:
• Header data.
• Location.
• Panel characteristics.
• Characteristics of the figures.
• Photographic reference.
Each feature named above, must have specifically data that should not be omitted, since it would lack reliability, which is why you must be very careful not to leave any data unregistered.
Other techniques that are carried out in the rock art, is the tracing consisting of the use of bond paper or onion paper, and carbon paper, proceed to place the paper and proceed with the carbon paper gently press on the surface of the rock that is to be traced, later and advancing little by little until having the tracing of the carvings that are on the rock, this gives us an almost exact copy on the images that this technique gives us, that it is worth noting that it does not exert any Negative impact or loss of information from the data that has been carved on those images, be they anthropomorphic, feathers, faces, or other representation that has been carved there.
There is also the technique of photography, which consists in photographing the findings made by researchers to obtain more precise data; The photographic documentation is necessary in any archaeological work, among others and of which in many cases they are not applied correctly, and the results sometimes erroneous or confusing. The camera, located on a tripod if possible, must be level, with a water level, on both the lateral and fronto-posterior axis and try to ensure that the registration plane, whether the back of the digital camera, is completely parallel to the surface to be documented. In many cases shots are made that have extensive leaks and when you want to reproduce from this image, the reason appears totally distorted, that is why you should perform the optimal techniques to have better results that includes the editing programs to give them better details to the petroglyphs or carvings on the walls, in case of being a cave and thus have better records that is of the utmost importance.
I hope you like this second part of this interesting science.